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1.INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTER
What is a Computer?
Computer is an electronic device that can accept process,
store data and giveout information in a meaningful way.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
There are four types of computer which are:
1) SUPER COMPUTER
2) MAINFRAME COMPUTER
3) MINFRAME COMPUTER
4) MICRO COMPUTER/ PERSONAL
COMPUTER
1) SUPER COMPUTER
Is a large computer which has higher ability to process
data andUsed to manage other computer.
2) MAINFRAME
COMPUTER
Is a large computer which have higher ability to process
data but dot exceedSuper computer it is used in large organization
3) MINFRAME COMPUTER
Is the generation of mainframe computer it is used in
medium organization i.e.Tanesco, bank etc
4) MICRO COMPUTER/PERSONAL COMPUTER
This is a small computer which has low ability to process
data, micro computer is used in domestic and office
TYPES OF MICRO COMPUTER
1)DESKTOP COMPUTER
2) LAPTOP COMPUTER
1. DESKTOP COMPUTER
Is the computer which stands on the table horizontally
while its monitor stand ontop of that computer
2. LAPTOP COMPUTER
This is portable computer or mobile computer its monitor,
keyboard and mouse
are attached direct to the computer also this computer is
rechargeable
ADVANTAGE OF COMPUTER
1) SPEED
Computers have high speed in processing data, over 1000000
instructions is processedPer second
2) STORAGE
The capacity of computer to store data is very high
3) ACCURACY
Computer never goes wrong
4) AUTOMATIC
The automatic of computer is self direction
5) NEVERTIRED
A
computer does not get tired can work more than 24 hours
6) SAVE COST
Computer save operating cost
7) QUALITY& CLEAN
Computer perform its work by producing a quality and clean
result
DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER
a) It is expensive to install
computer programs and maintenance of it
b)Expensive in buying
computer and accessories
c) Eye problems
d)Reduce employment
opportunities
e)Destruction
of moral behavior
FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER
a)
To simplify work
b)
To process data
c)
To communicate
d)
To store data
e)
To do research
COMMON COMPONENTS OF A
COMPUTER
There are Four Common
components of Computer
1) MONITOR\SCREEN; is used to display data which is
processed byCentral processing unit (C.P.U)
2) CENTRAL PROCESSINGUNIT. Is
said to be a heart of a computer.
It is made up of memory unit, the control unit and the ALU
3) ) KEYBOARD .is used to input data into the
computer
4) MOUSE
Is used to click in order to perform a task
PARTS OF COMPUTER
There are three parts of computer
1) Computer hardware
2) Computer software
3) Computer user
1) COMPUTER HARDWARE
Are the physical components which are connected into
computer
TYPES OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
1) INPUT HARDWARE; are hardware which are used toInput
data \information to the computer eg, keyboard, mouse, scanner
2) OUTPUT HARDWARE; are hardware which are used to give
out result e.g. printers, spearker and monitor
2) COMPUTER
SOFTWARE
Software is a set of electronic instructions that tells
the computer how to do a certain tasks. A set of instructions is often called a
program
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
There are two types of software which are
1) System software
2) Application software
1) SYSTEM SOFTWARE
System software exists primarily for the computer itself,
to help the computer to perform specific function
Examples of system software are DOS, WINDOS 98, WINDOWSXP
and WINDOWS VISTA
2) APPLICATION SOFTWARE
These are programs installed in the computer so as to
perform a certain task. Examples of application software
are Microsoft word,ms-excel,ms-publisher,ms-power
point etc
COMPUTER VIRUSES
Is a program that is used to destroy other computer
programs
TYPES OF VIRUS
1. File virus-it affect the documents or files
2. Boot sector virus-it affects the hard disk.
ANT-VIRUS
This is a program used to detect and protect the computer
from viruses
E.g. Mc cafee, Norton, AVG, AVAST, AVIRA
HOW TO SWITCH ON THE COMPUTER
Ø pressa
power button on a monitor
Ø press
a power button on a C.P.U
HOW TO SWITCH OFF THE COMPUTER
Ø
Click start button
Ø
Click turn off or shut down
Ø
Click
turn off or shut down to confirm switching Off the computer
PAINT
Is an area in the computer which is used to draw various
objects/picture
How to open paint
Ø
Click start button
Ø
Point programs
Ø
Point accessories
Ø
Click paint
*from there you can start to draw any object/picture
FOLDER
Is an area in a computer which is used to store file
HOW TO CREATE FOLDER
Ø
Right click the empty space
Ø
Point new
Ø
Click folder
HOW TO RENAME FOLDER
Ø
Right click the folder you want to rename
Ø
Click rename
Ø
Delete and type the folder name
Ø
Press enter key
HOW TO DELETE FOLDER
Ø
Right click on folder you want to delete
Ø
Click delete
Ø
To the given questions click yes
2.MICROSOFT
WORD
Microsoft word or ms-word
(often called word) is a graphical word processing program that users can type
with.
Microsoft Word allows you to create professional-quality
documents, reports, letters, etc
HOW TO START MS-WORD.
Ø Click
Start Button.
Ø Select
Programs.
Ø Click
Ms office
Ø Click
Ms-word.
WINDOW ELEMENTS OF MS-WORD
1.
The Ribbon
2.
Tabs, contextual tabs, program tabs
3.
The Office button
4.
Galleries
5.
Live Preview
6.
The Mini Toolbar
7.
Enhanced ScreenTips
8.
The Quick Access Toolbar
9.
Key Tips
10.
Scroll Bars
11.
The status bar
12.
Working Area
HOW TO DISPLAY &
HIDE THE RIBBON
Ø
Click an Arrow of The Quick Access Toolbar
Ø
Click Minimize the Ribbon
HOW TO
DISPLAY/HIDE HOLIZONTAL / VERTICAL SCROLL BARS
Ø Click
Office Button
Ø Click
Word Options
Ø Click
Advanced
Ø On the
Display area Click the check Show Horizontal scroll bar & Show Vertical
Scroll Bars to activate or deactivate
Ø Click
Ok.
DISPLAYING RULERS
Ø Click
view menu
Ø Click
Rulers.
STEPS
TO VIEW DIFFERENT WINDOW VIEWS/MODES
Ø Click
on View Menu
Ø Click
the view you want
Try to view the following
OUTLINE VIEW/MODE
Ø Has
got no ruler
Ø The
graphical feature can not be displayed
DRAFT VIEW/MODE
Ø Display
only the horizontal ruler
Ø The
graphical feature can not be displayed
FULL
SCREEN READING
Ø View
the document in full screen reading view
WEB
LAYOUT
Ø View
the document at it would look as a Web page.
PRINT LAYOUT MODE
Ø Displays
both rulers.
Ø Graphical
features can be displayed in this mode
Ø It is
the standard mode for typing, editing and formatting a text.
PAGE
SETUP
Ø Click
Page Layout menu
Ø On the
page setup group, click the margin and
Set the margins e.g. Normal, Narrow etc.
Ø Click
paper size and Select the paper size you want
Ø Select
the paper orientation e.g. Portrait, or Landscape
HOW TO
CHANGE BACKGROUND
Ø Click
Page Layout menu
Ø On the
page background group, click Page color
Ø Choose
any color you want.
NB. You can Choose MORE
COLORS AND FILL EFFECTS
HOW TO
CREATE A DOCUMENT AND SAVE IT WITH A FILE NAME
Ø Type
the document on the working window
Ø Having
typed the document, Click Office Button
Ø Click
Save as
Ø Select
the drive or folder to save the file, eg Desktop, Documents, Local Disk (D) etc
Ø Type
the name of the file at File name…area
Ø On
Save as type select word document
Ø Click
save
SAVING A DOCUMENT WITH PASSWORD
Ø Save a
file as normal.
Ø Click
Office Button
Ø Click
Save As
Ø Click
Tools
Ø Click
on General Options
Ø Type
the password on the Password to open
Ø Click OK
Ø Retype
the password on confirm password area
Ø Click
OK
Ø Click
save
COPYING AND PASTING TEXT
Ø Select/highlight
the text to copy
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
Clipboard Group, Click copy
Ø Position
the cursor where you want to paste
Ø On the
Clipboard group, Click paste
HOW TO MOVE /CUT TEXT AND
PASTING IT
Ø Select/highlight
the text to move/cut.
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
clipboard group, click Cut
Ø Position
the cursor where you want to paste
Ø On the
clipboard group, Click paste.
HOW TO CHANGE FONTS
AND COLOR
Ø Select
the text to change font and colour
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø Click
the Arrow on the Font group
Ø Select
the Font, Font style, size, Colour you want
Ø Click
OK
BOLD,
ITALIC, UNDERLINE
Ø Select
the text
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø Click B, I,
U Symbol on the Font Group
MODIFYING TEXT
(a) Replacing one word.
Ø Place
the cursor at the beginning of the word you want to replace, then double click
Ø Type
the word to replace
Ø Place
the cursor at the beginning of the sentence to replace, then press shift + end
key.
Ø Type
the sentence to replace
(c)
Deleting a word using backspace
Ø Place
the cursor after the word to be deleted
Ø Press
Ctrl + backspace
(d) Deleting a word from left to right
Ø Place
the cursor before the word to be deleted
Ø Press
Ctrl + delete.
(e) Deleting
text/paragraph
Ø Select
the text to be deleted
Ø Press
Delete key.
Undo
Is The command used to
recover the situation you did before.
Redo
Is The command which redoing
what you have done
Inserting page breaks
Ø Locate
the cursor where you want to insert page
Ø Click
insert menu
Ø On the
pages group, Click page breaks or Blank Page
Header and Footer
Ø Click
Insert menu
Ø On the
Header and Footer group, Click Header
Ø Click
Blank Header
Ø Type
the Header e.g. ARUSHA BRANCH
Ø On the
Design Menu, click Footer
Ø Type
the footer e.g. prepared by Bichwa
Ø Click
close
HOW TO
REMOVE HEADER & FOOTER
Ø
Click Insert menu
Ø
On the Header and Footer group, Click Header
Ø
Click Remove Header
HOW TO
INSERT PAGE NUMBERS
Ø Click
insert menu
Ø On the
Header & Footer Group, Click page number
Ø Specify
page number location e.g. bottom, top
Ø Select
the alignment (Left, centre, Right, Justify)
Ø Click
format Format page numbers
Ø Specify
the format you want (e.g. 1,2,3.. a, b, c… etc.
Ø Click
Ok
HOW TO
REMOVE PAGE NUMBERS
Ø Click
Insert menu
Ø On the
header and footer group, click Page Number
Ø Click
Remove Page Numbers
COMMANDS
FIND.
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø Ont
the Editing group, Click Find
Ø Type
the word you want to find
Ø Click
Find next
Ø Click
close.
GO TO
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
Editing group, click Find or Replace
Ø Click
Go To tab and Type the page, line, section you want to go
Ø Click
Go To… the cursor will go to specified location
Ø Click
close
REPLACE
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
Editing group, Click replace
Ø On
find what, type the word to be found.
Ø On
replace with, type the word to be replaced
Ø Click
find next
Ø Click
replace or replace all
Ø Click
close
HOW TO
ZOOM
Ø Click
view menu
Ø On the
Zoom Group, Click zoom
Ø Select
the Percentage (%) you want to zoom
Ø Click
Ok
TEXT ALIGNMENT
We use alignment symbol to align the text
Ø Select
the text
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
Paragraph group, Click the alignment symbol you want (Center, Left, Right, and
Justify).
BULLETS AND NUMBERING
Ø Locate
the cursor to the position you want to insert bullet or number
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
Paragraph group, Click Bullets OR Numbering
NB: You can Define New Bullet Or
Number Format
BORDER
AND SHADING
Ø Click
Home Menu
Ø On the
Paragraph group, Click Borders and Shading
Ø Click
border tab
Ø Select
borders style and colour
Ø Click
Option
Ø Set
from text (bottom, top, left, right)
Ø Click shading tab
Ø On
fill , select the colour you want
Ø Click
Ok
PAGE
BORDER
Ø Click
Home Menu
Ø
On the Paragraph group, Click Borders and
Shading
Ø
Click page border tab
Ø
Select the setting, style, colour and art
Ø
On apply to, select whole document
Ø
Click Option, and then set the margins.
Ø
Click Ok
INSERTING CLIPART, WORDART
AND PICTURE
CLIPART.
Ø Position
the cursor where you want to insert the picture
Ø Click
insert menu
Ø On the
Illustrations group, Click ClipArt
Ø Select
the category you want
Ø Use
nodes to resize the ClipArt
WORDART
Ø Position
the cursor, where you want to insert WordArt
Ø Click
insert menu
Ø On the
Text group, Click WordArt
Ø Select
the WordArt style
Ø Type
the text
Ø Select
the Font and Font size
Ø Click
Ok
Ø Resize
and position of the WordArt
INSERT
PICTURE
Ø
Click Insert Menu
Ø
On the illustrations group, Click picture
Ø
Select the location of your picture
Ø
Select picture
Ø
Click Insert
INSERT SHAPES
Ø Click
Insert Menu
Ø On the
illustrations group, Shapes
Ø Select
any shape you want and Start Drawing anywhere on your Working area
Ø You
can Fill your shape with Solid color, Gradient, texture, picture, etc
DROP
CAPS
Ø Select
the letter to be dropped
Ø Click
insert menu,
Ø On the
text group, Select drop cap
Ø Click
Drop Cap options
Ø Select
the type of drop cap
Ø Select
the number of lines to be dropped
Ø Click
Ok
CHANGE
CASE
Sometimes you are required to
change the case of your text due to typing mistakes. Ms Word provides five
different types of text case, which you can choose as per your requirements
Steps:
Ø Select
the word/text
Ø Click
Home menu
Ø On the
Font Group, Click change case
Ø Select
type of case
Sentence
case: By choosing this option, first character of
every sentence will be capitalized and the remaining character remains
unchanged.
Lower
case:
By choosing this option all characters of the selected text will be converted
into small case
Upper
case:
By choosing this option, all characters of the selected text will be converted
into upper case
Capitalize
Each Word: By choosing this option, the first character of every
word of the selected text will be converted into upper case
Toggle
Case:
By choosing this option, all characters in lower case will be converted into
upper case and all character in upper case will be converted into lower case.
SUBSCRIPTS
AND SUPERSCRIPTS
You can add superscripts and
subscripts to your text.
Steps:
Ø Highlight
the text to be shown as subscript or superscript
Ø Click
Home Menu
Ø On the
Click Font group, Activate Subscript or
superscript
Example: Superscript 40th,
Subscript Bt
INSERTING
SYMBOLS
Ø Position
the cursor where you want to insert symbols
Ø Click
insert menu
Ø On the
symbols group, click symbol
Ø Select
the symbol which you want
YOU CAN Click More symbols to
view more
Ø then
double click the symbol you want to insert.
Ø Click
close
Spelling and Grammar
¨
Word automatically can check possible errors,
spelling and grammar. It underline the text with red or green line
HOW TO SET AUTOMATIC SPELLING
AND GRAMMAR CHECKER
Ø Click
Office button
Ø Click
Word options
Ø Click
Proofing
Ø Click
Settings
Ø Activate
all Check box on the Grammar area
Ø Click
ok
PRINT PREVIEW
Ø Click
Office button
Ø Point
Print then Click print preview
Ø Click
close Print preview
PRINTING
Ø Click
Office Button
Ø Click
Print
Ø Select
the Printer name
Ø Click
properties
Ø Select
the paper size, Layout, Paper Orientation, paper sources and number of copies.
Ø Click
Apply, then click Ok
Ø Set
the Print range
Ø Specify
number of copies
Ø On
print what, select document
Ø Click
Ok
WATERMARK (These are the
words behind text) e.g. ORIGINAL COPY
Ø Click
Page Layout menu.
Ø On the
Page Background group, Click Watermark
Ø Click
Custom Watermark
Ø Click
on : Text Water mark
Ø Under
text area… type any Word e.g. TABORA CAMPUS
Ø Select
Size and Colour, Select e.g. Diagonal
Ø Click
Apply then Ok.
Ø To
resize the Text (Water mark text), click insert Menu, Select Header and Footer,
then resize the Water marker
CREATE TABLES
A
table is made up of rows and columns of cells that you can fill with text and
graphics
Ø Point
the cursor where you want to insert table
Ø Click
Insert menu
Ø Click
Table, on the Tables group
Ø Click
insert table
Ø Select
the number of rows and column, column width etc.
HOW TO ADD ROWS
Ø Position
the cursor where you want to add rows
Ø Click
Layout menu
Ø On the
Rows & Columns group, Click Inssert Below
FORMULA
Also ms-word document support simple
calculation such as subtraction and addition
Ø
Click
Layout menu
Ø
On the
Data group, Click Formula
Ø
Finally
click ok
AUTOFORMAT TABLE
Ø Click
around the table
Ø Click
Design menu
Ø On the
Table styles, Choose format of table you like
HOW TO DELETE ROWS
Ø Locate the cursor into the row to be deleted.
Ø Click Layout menu
Ø On the Rows & Columns Group, Click Delete
Ø Click Delete rows
HOW TO ADD COLUMN
Ø
Position the cursor where you want to add a
column
Ø
Click Layout menu
Ø
On the Row & Columns group, Click Insert
Right
Note: If you want to
insert column between col.1 & col.2, position the cursor in col.2
Deleting column
Ø Position
the cursor into the column to be deleted
Ø Click
Layout menu
Ø On the
Row & Columns group,
Ø Click
Delete
Ø Click
Delete column
Ø Click
table menu again
Ø Click
delete column
3.MICROSOFT EXCEL
What is
Excel?
Microsoft
Excel is an electronic spreadsheet program. You might of heard the terms
"spreadsheet" and "worksheet".
People
generally use them interchangeably. To remain consistent with Microsoft and
other publishers the term
worksheet
refers to the row-and-column matrix sheet on which you work upon and the term
spreadsheet refers to
this type
of computer application. In addition, the term
SHEETS
Sheet Is a
collection of cells
CELLS
Are the
intersection between columns and rows
COLUMNS
Are lines
which run vertically labeled with latter A, B, C……
ROWS
Are lines
which run horizontally labeled with numbers 1, 2, 3………
VIEW AND
SETTING
Ms-excel
contain only five Workbook views
· Normal view-This is the best view for working and made after starting ms-excel
· Page Layout- View the document as it will appear on the printed page
· Page Break Preview- View a preview of where pages will break when this document is printed.
· Custom View- Save a set of display & print settings as a custom view. Once you
have saved the
current
view, you can apply it to the document by selecting it from the list of
available custom views.
· Full Screen- View the document in full screen mode.
ENTERING
AND EDITING DATA IN THE WORK SHEET
You can
enter text, numbers and formulas into any cell in a worksheet simply by
selecting a cell and typing into it.
This is so
because the cell is made active when you select it.
DELETING
CELL CONTENT
To delete
data in a cell
Ø Select the cell by clicking and then press
DELETE on the keyboard
ZOOM
Is the
display by increasing or reducing the vision of your document in percentage
HOW TO ZOOM
Ø Click view menu
Ø Click zoom
Ø Select percentage you want to zoom
Ø Click ok
HOW TO
REMOVE THE GRIDLINE WHICH DISPLAY ON A WORK SHEET
Prepared By Sir: Pascal Bichwa
Ø Click view tab
Ø On the Show/Hide Group, Click gridline
check box
HOW TO INSERT
BOARDER
You can
insert boarder in ms-excel by highlighting the cell and:
Ø Click HomeTab/ menu
Ø On the Alignment Group, Click an Arrow
Ø Select boarder tab
Ø Select necessary style of line colours and
boarder
Ø Click OK
HOW TO INSERT
BACKGROUND
Ø Click Page Layout menu
Ø On the Page Setup Group, click background
Ø choose any picture
Ø click insert
HOW TO DELETE
BACKGROUND
Ø click Page Layout menu
Ø On the Page setup Group, click delete
background
HOW TO INSERT
WORKSHEET
Ø Click Home menu
Ø On the Cells Group, Click Insert
Ø Click Insert Sheet
TEXT ALIGNMENT
Is used to
arrange text in left, right, center and justify within the selected cell
Ø Click Home menu
Ø On the Alignment Group, Click the Arrow
Ø Click Alignment Tab
Ø Choose the necessary setting
Ø Click ok
TEXT ORIANTATION
Is used to
arrange text in degrees
Ø Select cell
Ø Click Home menu
Ø On the Alignment Group, Click the Arrow
Ø Click Alignment Tab
Ø On Orientation area, Choose the direction
of your word
Ø Click ok
FILL CELLS
You are
able to apply a color in any selected cell
Ø Select cell
Ø Click Home menu
Ø On the Alignment Group, Click the Arrow
Ø Click Fill tab
Ø On The Background Color Area, Choose the
best color
Ø Click ok
NUMBER FORMAT
Ø Select the cell
Ø Click Home menu
Ø On the Alignment Group, Click the Arrow
Ø Click number tab
Ø Select the format style which is available
Ø Click Ok
CREATING YOUR OWN
NUMBER STYLE
Ø Select Cell
Ø Click Home menu
Ø On the Alignment Group, Click the Arrow
Ø Click Number Tab
Ø Select Customer
Ø Design your own style
Ø Click Ok
NAMING
CELLS
Ø Select the cell
Ø Right click on your cell
Ø Click Name a Range
Ø On the name text box, Type any Name
Ø Click ok
SORT
Is used to
arrange data in ascending or descending order of the selected column
Ø Select column
Ø Click Data Menu
Ø Choose between ascending/descending on the
Sort/Filter Group
PAGE SETUP
This allow
to set the page in orientation margin header and footer. In order to set up
your margin first open
page setup
dialogue box where all setting are defined
Ø Click Page Layout menu
Ø On the page setup Group, Click Orientation
Ø Choose Portrait OR Landscape
CALCULATION
In
ms-excel any formula must start with equal sign (=) you may apply the
calculation in
a
different all within all by addition, substruction, division as well
multiplication
Operators
are what connect the elements of a formula. Some familiar operators are:
addition (+), subtraction (-
),
multiplication (*), and division (/). There is an order of operations when you
are evaluating a formula.
Formulas
are evaluated from left to right, with expressions enclosed in parentheses
evaluated first, then
exponents,
multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction. Excel has many more
operators, but we will work
with the
operators listed above for now.
Here is an
example of how the order of operations works:
If you
have the following formula within a cell;
=A8/
(A9+A4)
The first
operation would be the sum of A9 and A4 and then A8 would be divided by that
sum.
HOW TO FID
TOTAL
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click sum
Ø Highlight record
Ø Click ok
COUNT
It count
the total number of records
Ø Select the cell
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click count
Ø Click ok
Ø Highlight records
Ø Click ok
HOW TO
FIND AVERAGE
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click average then OK
Ø Highlight record
Ø Click ok
HOW TO
FIND MAXIMUM
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click maximum
Ø Click Ok
Ø Highlight records
Ø Click ok
HOW TO FIND
MINIMUM
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click minimum
Ø Click Ok
Ø Highlight records
Ø Click ok
HOW TO
FIND RANGE
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click Max then ok
Ø Click maximum number
Ø Then press
(-)on the keyboard
Ø Click minimum number
Ø Click ok
PERCENTAGE
Ø Click Cell
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Click sum
Ø Click ok
Ø Fill the formula
Ø Click ok
REMARKS
Ø Click the cell
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
Ø Select ( if)
Ø Click ok
Ø Insert your formula e.g. if(click average
>no,”win”,”fail”)
GRADE
Ø Select Cell
Ø Click Formulas menu
Ø Click Insert function (Fx function)
> Click If then Ok
Ø Insert your formula e.g. if(average>no,”A”,if(average>no,”B”,if(average>no,”C”)))
Ø Click OK
TRACK
CHANGE
Option
with protect the work book by showing changes from other user
Ø Click Review menu
Ø On the Changes Group, Click Track changes
Ø Click highlight changes
Ø Click the check box of the track changes
while editing
Ø Last click ok. Excel save that changes
REMOVING
TRACK CHANGE
Ø Click Review menu
Ø On the Changes Group, Click track changes
Ø Click accept or reject changes change
Ø Click ok
Ø Click accept or reject
FILTER
You may
filter the record of data as you wish
Ø Click around the data record
Ø Click data menu
Ø Select filter on the Sort & Filter
Group
Ø Select data you want to filter
Ø Click ok
CHARTS
In
ms-excel you may insert different type of charts
How to insert chart
Ø Select the record you want to create its
chart
Ø Click insert menu
Ø On the Charts Group, Select the type of
chart you want
Ø Click next in the dialog box
Ø Last insert within the sheet /a new chart
SHEET
PROTECTION
Ø select the sheet you want to protect
Ø Click Review menu
Ø On the Changes Group, Click protect sheet
Ø Enter your secret password
Ø Click ok
Ø Re Enter Password to Proceed
Ø Click OK
REMOVE
SHEET PROTECTION
Ø Click Review menu
Ø On the Changes Group, Click Unprotect
sheet
Prepared By Sir: Pascal Bichwa
Ø Enter your password (enter the same
password as that used to protect the sheet )
Ø Click ok
4.MICROSOFT
ACCESS
What is
Microsoft Access?
Microsoft
Access is a computer database management system, which is used to add, change,
delete, sort information
e.t.c.
What is
a database?
A database
is a collection of related information.
The Main Elements Of
Ms Access.
1) TABLE.
This is
the primary building block of any Access database, storing all the data of the
database. Thus, tables are
cornerstones
of the database. You cannot have a database without tables .Every table in the
database should focus
on one
subject.
2)
QUERIES.
A query is
used for searching for a specific data from the table. For example, you can
give a list of customers whose
names
start with a letter “A”.
3) FORMS.
Provides
an easy way of entering data into tables. They also give an easy way of viewing
records in tables.
4)
REPORTS.
Provide a
way of printing and previewing information in the Layout you wish.
DATABASE DESIGN.
Before you
use Ms Access to build the tables, forms and other objects, which will make up
your database, it is
important
to take time to design your database. A good database design is the keystone to
creating a database that
does what
you want it to do effectively, accurately and efficiently.
Tables
organize data into columns called Fields, and rows called Records.
Field.
Is a
category of information. It can be described as one item of information such as
Employee last name, first name,
surname, date
of birth etc.
RECORD.
Is a
collection of related fields.
|
NO |
NAME |
DATE OF
BIRTH |
STATUS |
CHILDREN |
|
1 |
Juma |
1/1/2000 |
Single |
0 |
|
|
Mary |
3/6/1987 |
Married |
3 |
|
|
Agatha |
4/10/1969 |
Single |
0 |
*An
Employee table, which contains data/records.
STEPS THAT
SHOULD BE CONSIDERED BEFORE DESIGNING THE DATABASE. THESE ARE:
1. Determining the purpose of your database.
e.g. Know
Information you want from the database, people who will use it etc.
CREATING A
DATABASE
Before
starting using or managing your database, you must create it.
Steps:
Ø Open Ms Access Program.
Ø Click on Blank Database,
Ø Type your File Name. Here you can Select
the drive (e.g. C: drive or D: drive) or the folder to attach your
database.
Ø Click on create.
TABLES
Table
Design Using Design View (Creating Tables).
Steps:
> Right
click on Table1:
Ø Click Design View
Ø Type Your Table’s Name on the Save as
dialog box in order to save your table. Eg you can type EMPLOYEES
DATABASE
Ø Click OK
Ø Type field names for the table which you
want to create.
Ø Define Data types for each field. e.g. The
data type for first name will be text.
Ø Type description for your field names e.g.
first name, its description can be the first name of an Employee
in the
database.(description is optional, you can leave it blank).
Ø Specify field size and field format.
*Format is
mostly applicable in Date and Time.
Ø If the Primary Key is not activated,
Please on the Tools Group of the Design Menu, Click Primary Key, to Set
primary
key for your table.
Ø Close your Table and then Open your Table
again
Ø Start entering your Records/data
*Remember
to create relationship between your tables before entering records/data.
Field
Names.
A field
name can have as many as 64 characters. These can be any characters including
spaces, although spaces
are not
encouraged because they complicate things. Some characters may not be used for
field names because
they have
special meaning to Access e.g. the period (.), the accent grave (¢),square
brackets([ ])
and
exclamation
marks(!).
Data
Types.
These
determine the kind of data a field can store. These include:- Text, Memo,
Date/Time, Currency, Number,
Auto
Number, Yes/No, OLE Object, Hyperlink, Lookup Wizard.
AUTO
NUMBER.
This is
used to identify a unique feature (primary key) for each record (table) .It is
automatically written each
time, you
enter a record.
TEXT.
Stores
letters, numbers and any combination of the two. It can be up to 255 characters
in length.
MEMO.
This is a
big text field, holds up to 64000 characters (about 18 pages of text).
NUMBER.
Holds
number and decimal points but nothing else. Set a field to number if you went
to do calculations.
CURRENCY.
Use this
if a field is to be used for holding money.
Date/Time.
This holds
Date/Time or both in a variety of formats e.g. Long date, Short date, Medium
date etc.
YES/NO.
Holds a
field where one or two answers is required. You can have Yes/No, True/False or
On/Off.
WHAT IS A
PRIMARY KEY?
Is a field
in a table that identifies a record uniquely. It is a field that can be used to
find record in the datasheet.
What is a
foreign key?
Is a key
that is used to join related tables. It is a primary key in another table.
FORMS
CREATING A
FORM WITH A FORM WIZARD FOR ENTERING DATA/RECORDS.
Steps:
Ø Click Create Menu
Ø On the Forms Group, Click More Forms
Ø Click Form wizard
Ø Select the name of the table/query where
the data objects come from,
Ø Select fields that you want to appear on
the form.
Ø Click Next.
Ø Follow the directions in the Wizard dialog
box until you reach the end. (I.e. select columnar).click next,
select the
style e.g.
standard,
click next, then type form title (form name).e.g. course form, then click
finish.
QUERIES
Queries
are used to extract some records in a table according to a condition given.
HOW TO
CREATE A QUERY.
Ø Open your database
Ø Click Create menu
Ø On the Other Group, Click Query Design
*The query
window will be displayed.
Ø Select the table that has to be used for
creating queries.
Ø Click Add.
Ø Close.
Adding
Fields To Query View.
Ø In the field list box, point on the field
you want to add to the query form and Double Click, do the same for
all the
other fields.
SPECIFYING
THE CONDITION/CRITERIA.
Ø Move the cursor to the criteria row.
Ø Point cursor under the corresponding field
where you want to specify the condition and type the condition.
TO VIEW
THE SELECTED RECORD(S)/ THE RESULTS
Ø On the Results group of the Design menu,
Click View
Ø Click Data Sheet view.
Or simply
click on Run! symbol on the
Results Group
To Save the Query.
Ø Click Office Button
Ø Click Save As.
Ø Type the file name.
Ø Click OK.
Closing a
Query.
Ø Click close button(x) on the right top
corner of the query window.
REPORTS.
Create a
report with a Wizard.
Ø Click Create Menu
Ø On the Reports Group, Click Report wizard
Ø Select the table or query that contains
the data you want to base your report on. Note: Microsoft Access
uses this
table or query as the default record source for the report. However, you can
change the record
source in
the wizard and select fields from other tables and queries.
Ø Click Next
Ø Follow the directions in the wizard dialog
box.
Ø Click Finish
If the resulting report does not look the
way you want, you can change it in Design view.
HOW TO
TRANSFER DATA FROM MS-ACCESS TO MS-EXCEL
Ø Click External
Data Menu
Ø On the Export group, Click Excel
Ø Specify the destination File name and
format : At Here, click BROWSE button
Ø Select where you want to save your Data
eg. Desktop etc
Ø Click Save
Ø Click Ok
Ø Click Close
HOW TO TRANSFER DATA
FROM MICROSOFT EXCEL TO MICROSOFT ACCESS
Ø Click External Data Menu Of Microsoft
Access
Ø On the Import Group, Click Excel
Ø Specify the source of the data: At here
Click BROWSE
Ø Click your File name of Ms Excel which you
want to Transfer to Ms Access
Ø Click Open button
Ø Click Ok
Ø Click Next
Ø Follow next-next
Ø last click finish
5. MICROSOFT
PUBLISHER
Is an
application program that allow to create professional and quality publication
such as frame, adding, picture
calendar
etc
HOW TO
START MICROSOFT PUBLISHER
Ø click start
Ø select program
Ø select ms-office
Ø click ms publisher
HOW TO
INSERT A PAGE
Ø Click insert menu
Ø Click page ,then specify the number of new
publication
Ø Specify your insert after or before the
page
Ø Last click ok
HOW TO DELETE
PAGE
Ø Click within the page you want to delete
Ø Click on edit menu
Ø Click delete
INSERT
PAGE NUMBER
Ø Click insert menu
Ø Click page number
Ø Click ok
HOW TO
INSERT BACKGROUND
Ø Click format
Ø Click background
Ø Design a background you like
TEXT FRAME
Is a frame
which allow the text to be typed also user can design border and may fill
colours
Ø Click tools menu
Ø Click text frame button
Ø Drag the text frame where you want to put
your text
INSERT
PICTURE
Ø Click insert menu
Ø Select picture
Ø Specify the source such as from file, clip
art, from scanner or camera
Ø Click insert
RESIZE
LOYOUT
Ø Click arrange
Ø Click layout guide
Ø Take a necessary measurement
Ø Last click apply then ok
INSERT
BORDER
Ø Click format
Ø Click auto shape
Ø Click border art
Ø Select your own border art
Ø Click ok
HOW TO
DESIGN CARD
Ø Under black publication
Ø Select any card
Ø Delete unnecessary object and text on card
Ø Start designing by inserting text, picture
and border art
HOW TO
DESIGN A CALENDER
Ø Under publication by wizard
Ø Click calendar
Ø Select any format of calendar
Ø Delete unwanted text ,object and text
Ø Insert table by specifying the number of
column and row depending on the design of your calendar
Ø Fill your table by inserting text, number
and picture
HOW TO
DESIGN CERTIFICATES
Ø Under publication by wizard
Ø Click award certificates
Ø Click start wizard
Ø Click edit menu
Ø Click select all
Ø Press delete button on keyboard
Ø Start to design a certificate
Ø You can use word art ,frame tool or text
frame too
HOW TO
DESIGN BROCHURES
Ø Under publication by wizard
Ø Click brochure
Ø Select the format of brochure you want
Ø Click edit
Ø Click select all
Ø Press delete button on keyboard you can
put any background you want
Ø Click text frame tool(A) and drag inside
of the brochure
Ø Start typing
6.MICROSOFT
POWERPOINT
Microsoft
Power Point is a software product used to perform computer-based presentations.
There are various
circumstances
in which a presentation is made: e.g. teaching a class, introducing a product
to cell, explaining an
organizational
structure, etc.
STARTING
POWERPOINT:
Ø Click on start.
Ø Select programs.
Ø Select Microsoft PowerPoint.
APPLYING/CHANGING
SLIDE BACKGROUND
Ø Select the slide.
Ø Click on Design Menu.
Ø On the Background Group, Click Background
Styles
Ø Click Format Background
Ø Click On the color icon
Ø Select the color you want.
Ø Click Close, OR click on Apply to All
(this is done if you want to apply the same color to all
slides).
APPLYING
FONT COLOR/STYLE
Ø Select/highlight your text.
Ø Click Home Tab/Menu
Ø On the Font Group, click the arrow
Ø Under color, select the font color you
want.
Ø Click OK.
SLIDE
TRANSITION
This is
the way of introducing the slide during presentation
Steps:-
Ø Click/select the slide.
Ø Click on Animations menu.
Ø On the Transition toTthis slide, Choose
the transition type e. Cover Right-Down.
Ø Speed: e.g. slow.
Ø Select whether you want to introduce a
slide by clicking the mouse or automatically after some seconds.
Ø If you want to use timings when
introducing/displaying your slide during presentation, Click Slide show
menu,
Select Set up Show, From Advance Slides; Select *Using timings if present, then
Click Ok
Ø Click or Apply to All.
Ø Click on Slide show Menu
Ø Select From Current slide or From
Beginning
SLIDE
LOOPING
Ø Select the slide.
Ø Click on slide show menu.
Ø Select set up slide show.
Ø Select loop continuously until “esc”.
Ø Click OK.
Ø Click on slide show Menu
Ø Select From Current slide or from
beginning
CUSTOM ANIMATIONS
Ø Select/highlight the text.
Ø Click on the Animations menu.
Ø Select custom animation.
Ø Click on Effect tab.
Ø Select animation style e.g. Fly
Ø Under Introduce Text tab, select, All at
Once or by Word or by Letter.
Ø Click on Order and Timing Tab.
Ø Select e.g. automatically after 3 seconds.
Ø Click Ok.
HOW TO
COPY DIFFERENT OBJECTS BETWEEN SLIDES (e.g. a logo)
Ø Select the first object e.g. an oval
Ø Press shift key.
Ø Select the second object e.g. triangle.
Ø Right click inside your objects.
Ø Select copy.
Ø Put the cursor where you want to paste.
Ø Right click.
Ø Select paste.
HOW TO
GROUP OBJECTS
Ø Select the first Object
Ø Press Shift
Ø Select Second Object
Ø On the Drawing Group, Click Arrange
Ø Select Group
APPLYING
HEADER & FOOTER ON THE SLIDE
Ø Select the first slide (or any slide).
Ø Click on insert menu.
Ø Select Header and Footer.
Ø Under Footer, type e.g. Prepared by:
Ø Put a tick on slide number in case you
want to insert slide numbers.
Prepared By Sir: Pascal Bichwa
Ø Click Apply to all.
APPLYING
DESIGN TEMPLATES (THEMES)
Steps:-
Ø Create slide as usual.
Ø Click on Design Menu
Ø Select Design style e.g. studio
Ø Right click
Ø Select Apply to all or Apply to selected
slide.
RE-ORDERING
SLIDES
Steps:-
Ø Click on View Menu.
Ø Select slide sorter.
Ø Click on the slide you want to move and
drag it to the new location.
Ø Click View Menu
Ø Select Normal
HIDING
SLIDES
If you do
not want a slide to appear during the slide show, but you don’t want to remove
it from the list, as it may be
used
later, just hide it.
Ø Select the slide which you want to hide.
Ø Click on slide show menu.
Ø Select hide slide.
SLIDE
MASTER
With Slide
Master, you can change the style of all slides in the presentation by changing
the properties on the slide
master. You can change properties like;
Titles
(Header), Footer, Slide Number, Date and Time etc.
If you
create slides from scratch, a consistent style can be added to the presentation
by formatting the slide master.
Note: Use
Slide master before applying Slide designs
HOW TO
CREATE A SLIDE MASTER:
Steps:-
Ø Open your slides.
Ø Click on View Menu.
Ø Select Master, then Slide Master.
Ø Click on View, Select Header and Footer
Ø Select Date and Time.
Ø Click on Slide Number.
Ø Click on Footer, type the Footer e.g.
“Prepared by AGATHA”.
Ø Click on Apply to All.
Ø Pick a Text box and drag it over your
slide at the top (This is the place where you can type the header).
Ø You can also put the LOGO.
Ø Close the Master View Toolbar.
Ø If you are using office 2000, after
applying different properties like Header, Footer, Slide Number, Date and
time.
Ø Click on Save.
Ø Click View Menu
Ø Select Normal
PRINTING
SLIDES:
Ø Click on Office button
Ø Select Print.
Ø Under Print what?
Ø Select Handouts.(When this option is
selected, you will be able to print several slides on one page)
Ø Select Number of Slides per page.
Select the
Order: Horizontal or Vertical.
Click Ok.
7. INTERNET AND E-MAIL
INTRODUCTION
NETWORK
Computer
network is a group of computers that are connected in order to share computer
resources
TYPES OF
NTWORK
Ø Local Area Network(LAN)are networks
linking computers in one local(small) areas
Ø Wide Area Network (WAN)connect computers
in more than one local area e.g. internet
WHAT IS
INTERNET?
Is the
global network that connect WANS.In which users send and receive e-mail
BROWSER
Is the
software that allows users to access and navigates the world wide web e.g
internet explorer,mozilla
E-MAIL
Is the
method of sending messages, pictures and any other information from one
internet user to another.
One of the
most widely features of network is the ability to send electronic mail.
CREATING
NEW YAHOO ACCOUNT
Ø Open browser
Ø In
the address box type www.yahoo.com
Ø Click mail or my mail
Ø Click sign up OR Create Acount
Ø Provide your details by filling the
displayed form carefully
Ø Click I agree to accept terms and
condition
Ø Specify any setting requested
Ø Finally click create my account or click
submit this form securely
OPENING AN
EMAIL ACCOUNT
Ø Open browser
Ø In the address box type www.yahoo.com or www.hotmail.com
Ø In the yahoo or hotmail click the mail box
Ø Type your e-mail address
Ø Type your password in password box
Ø Click sign in or press enter
Ø To read your e-mail (letter).click unread
message box and then click the mail you want to read
Ø To reply the mail. click reply
Ø Type your message in the provided page
Ø Click send
WORKING
WITH FOLDER
Yahoo mail
account has five folder as follows
Ø Inbox: stores received messages
Ø Draft: stores message for letter uses
Ø Sent: stores copies for sent messages
Ø Bulk: stores spam or junk messages
Ø Trash: stores deleted messages
HOW TO
CLOSE E-MAIL ADDRESS
Ø Click sign out
Ø Close the internet explorer
SENDING
MESSAGE TO MANY PEOPLE (CARBON COPY)
You can
send the same E-mail message to more than one person.
Each
person receives the message. They can also see the list of other address to
which the message has been
sent.
there are two options
1. Type
each recipients E-mail address box. use colon (;) to separate the addresses
2. USING
BLIND CARBON COPY (BCC)
BCC is
similar as using CC with one difference. Each person receives the message as
before but they cannot
see the
list of other addresses to whom the message has been sent. The BCC box is not
normally shown in
the new
message window but if
SENDING E-
MAIL MESSAGES
Ø Open yahoo account
Ø Click compose
Ø In the To: box, type e-mail address(es) to
send a message; if more than one separate by commas
Ø In the:CC and BCC boxes type the e-mail
address(es) to send copies
Prepared By Sir: Pascal Bichwa
Ø In the subject:box,type the message
heading
Ø Click send
SENDING
ATTACHMENTS
Ø Click the attach files link
Ø Specify a file to attach and click it
Ø Click open
Ø Click attach file
Ø Click send
READ
ATTACHMENT
Ø click the save to computer located next to
the attached file
Ø click the download attachment
Ø click save to store it in drive and then
open it
THE END
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